Oleh: Yeni Kholifa
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background
The
special ways to make a good essay in writing subject has useful for essay
writer. Sometimes the students still have mistakes in their essay. Perhaps the
most common mistakes in essay writing, all of which can have an impact on their
marks, are : failure to observe the word limit (where this is specified),
failure to answer the question, poor structure, poor use of social scientific
skills(such as handling theory and evidence), and poor grammar,punctuation and
spelling.[1]
Because of these mistakes the students have explored their issue and worked out
an outline, they are finally ready to write the essay itself.[2] So,
the special ways to make a good essay in writing subject has useful in their
essay writing being its best form and it can avoide from the common mistakes in
essay and they can improve their skills and ability in writing, especially in
essay.
Writing
an essay is a complex performance. What always surprises us is not the fact
that so many people make mistakes, but that so many people make such a good job
of it. Every paragraph of an essay involves perhaps a hundred conscious or
half-conscious decisions about what word to use, how to structure and punctuate
a sentence, and how to organise and one’s work. Each paragraph of an essay is
essentially an elaborate piece of architecture that the writer has had both to
design and build.
B. Statements of the problem
a.
Is there any special ways to make a good essay?
b.
How about the structure of a good essay?
c.
How about the construct to make a good essay?
CHAPTER
II
DISCUSSION
A.
The
Special Ways to Make a Good Essay
The
special ways that is needed before make a good essay is writing process. The
general steps in the writing process include prewriting, organizing ideas,
drafting, revising, editing, and making a final draft. If the writer use these
steps when they have an essay assignment, they will give theirselves an
opportunity to make the most of their time and get their best ideas on paper. At
times, they may repeat a particular step. When they become more comfortable
with the writing process and become a more experienced essay writer, they may
be able to do some steps in their mind, but skipping important steps is not
advisable when they are learning the writing process. Each step has different
activities that will help the writer of essay get the ideas from their mind to
the paper in an organised fashion.
Prewriting is the
first major step in the writing process. As the following chart shows,
prewriting can be accomplished in several ways. Prewriting is a way of
generating ideas, narrowing a topic, or finding a direction.
·
Talking
One
simple way to relieve anxiety and start the writing process to talk about a
subject with fellow students, instructor, family members, and knowledgeable
people who can provide the inspiration the students to begin writing.
·
Freewriting
The
intending to help the students generate ideas. Freewriting is writing anything
that comes to mind about the topic. It is writing without stopping to correct
spelling or other machanical errors.
·
Brainstorming
Brainstorming is writing words or
phrases that occur to the students spontaneously. This free association can be
done individually or in a group. Brainstorming and freewriting are similar in
that they both produce ideas.
·
Journal writing
Journal writing is recording information in a notebook of
writer dailyinner thoughts, inspirations, and emotions that are usually
consistently recorded in a relaxed writing atmosphere.
·
Reading
Reading in megazines, or newspaper can also
help the students get started with their writing. For instance, browsing
through a megazine like times or
newsweek, whether the writer at library, at home, or at the doctor’s
office, can spark an idea for a topic. More through reading will help the
students become more informed about their topic so that they can write
intelligently about important issue.
Organizing
is the second major steps in writing process,
after the students have completed one or more of the prewriting
activities, it’s time to think about organizing these ideas into a rough
outline that includes a main idea and supporting ideas. Before the writer
actually start using the ideas from their prewriting to compose their
paragaraph or essay, they need to decide which details support the main idea.
As the writer sort these details into groups, they are organizing their
information. Logic and a sense for putting together similar ideas can help the
writer perform this step qickly and easily. This step in the writing process,
which involves putting similar ideas into groups, is called grouping. It is one
of the most important stepsin the writing process. Here is how grouping can
help the students organize ideas for writing.
Outliing is
the third major steps in writing process, outlining involves identifying a word
or phrase that represents a group of related ideas and then arranging these
words or phrases in the order in which the student want to discuss them. The
general word or words will be made into a topic sentence, and each idea listed
under these general words will become a support sentence.
Drafting
is the fourth major steps in writing process, after the students have
organized the ideas in the form of an outline, they are prepare to write a
first draft. Drafting is the part of the
writing process in which the students compose sentences in paragraph form to
produce the first copy of their essay.
Revising
is the fifth major steps in writing process, one of
the most important steps in writing a paper, involves smoothing out the
students’ writing. Adding more detail, and making other changes that will help
they say what they want to say in the best way.
Editing is
the sixth major steps in writing process, which is checking for mechanical
problems and correcting their essay.
Final draft is
the last major steps in writing process, that is deciding it’s ready for their
intended audience is a step that takes patience and judgment.[3]
Actually all of
the steps in writing process is the beginning special ways to make a good
essay, so the students before make an essay can do the process writing in order
to their essay will be perfect and there is no mistake in it. The students will feel satisfy and they will
get a good grade if they have the best form of their essay.
B.
The
Structure of a Good Essay
A good essay consist of
introductory paragraph, supporting paragraphs, and concluding paragraph.
Introductory Paragraph of
an Essay, it should start with
several sentences that attract the reader’s interest.
Supporting Paragraphs
or Body of an Essay, most essays have three supporting points, developed at
length over three separate paragraphs.
Concluding Paragraph of
an Essay, the concluding paragraph often
summarizes the essay by restating briefly the thesis and, at times, the main
supporting points of the essay. In addition, the writer of essay often present
a concluding thought about the subject of the paper.[4]
Diagram of an Essay
The following diagram shows the
students at glance the different parts of a standard college essay.
An
example of diagram essay :
The above
diagram, along with the essay outline form on the inside back cover of the
book, will serve as a helpful guide when students are writing or evaluating
essay.[5] It
is able to make students easier in do essay writing or evaluating. So, the
students will increase their ability in writing subject, especially in essay.
C.
Constructing an Essay in Writing Subject
The general principles
writing an essays requires planning and organisation, it is not enough to look
at the question. And then start writing the answer. The writer need to think
about the wording of the question. Most questions pose a problem of some sort
which they have to debate. The key words here are Discuss, Account for, How far, words that signal that the writer
need to provide the evidence and analyse the material. The essay writer also
need to plan their answer so that they do not simply put down some loose
thoughts as way of starting. It is much better to spend some time generating
their ideas and then organising them into an essay rather than pouring out
everything they know. They need, then, to think about the shape and even rhythm
of their answer.
This, however, is the
kind of general, perhaps not always very helpful, advice that people will offer
to the writer over and over again. So, let’s be rather more specific. One of
the most useful rules in writing an essay, indeed possibly the best tip of all,
is ‘the rule of three’. It is a rule that can be made use of in constructing an
essay as a whole, in constructing a paragraph, and even in relation to
constructing a sentence. Everybody knows that an essay needs a beginning, a
middle and an end.[6]
The essay writer know that is, that an essay basically has three parts and that
these parts are not all the same length.
Constructing a
paragraph, there are three step formulas that have described for establishing
overall control of an essay represents a logical form of organisation that can
also be applied to the construction of a paragraph. Far too many students have
very little idea quite where they are heading in any paragraph of an essay, but
the fact is that every paragraph can and should be tightly and even self
consciously, organised. Just as an essay as a whole sets up an issue, advances,
and arrives somewhere, so each paragraph of an essay needs to locate itself,
advance, and arrive somewhere new.[7]
Constructing a
sentence, writing an essay is supposed to be both enjoyable and rewarding. The
experience of a lot of people, however, is that the words just will not come,
and if the words do come they will not do what they want them to do. Because
essay writing can be difficult, it helps if the writer rely on methods such as
‘rule of three’ to help the writer get organised, and to move along. The great
advantage is that the writer are not starting from a position of being totally
lost. The ‘rule of three’ gives the writer a kind of map of how to get through
the essay as a whole, and it also gives the writer kind of map of how to get
through each paragraph. Some students say that such a method would impose
excessive limits on their freedom and ability to express their ideas in an
essay and doubtless some lectures will be appalled at the idea of students
knowing in advance how many paragraphs they are going to write and what the
shape of the essay will be. Many students, however, appreciate how liberating
such a desciplined method is, as so much of the effort of organising an essay
is taken care of in advance, they can really concentrate on making the content
of each paragraph and each sentence as strong as possible. [8]
CHAPTER III
CLOSING
A.
CONCLUSION
In
this paper the writer mentions actually there are some special ways to make a
good essay in writing subject. Because of far too many students have very
little idea quite where they are heading in any paragraph of an essay, but the
fact is that every paragraph can and should be tightly and even self
consciously, organised. Just as an essay as a whole sets up an issue, advances,
and arrives somewhere, so each paragraph of an essay needs to locate itself,
advance, and arrive somewhere new.
So, the writer has
solving of common mistakes in essay writing. Firstly, before make a good essay
the essay writer should do the writing process in order to it can make them
more easy and it can avoide from the mistakes in their essay. Such as, mistakes
in grammar, in choosing the word or maybe the mistakes in punctuation or
spelling in essay. Secondly, the essay writer
should make the structure of a good essay that consist of introductory
paragraph, supporting paragraphs or body, and concluding paragraph. It is the basic
structure that always contents in an essay. And thirdly, the essay writer
should make the constructing an essay in order to their essay do not need the
revision to take place and decide the essay is in its best form.
And mastering the essay
form will help, first of all, on a practical level. For other courses, the
students will write specific forms of essays, such as the report and research
paper. Many of their written tests will help be in the form of essay exams. In
addition, the basic structure of an essay will help in career related writing,
from a job application letter to the memos and reports that may become part of
their work in the future. And with essay writing will make the students become
more aware of other writers ideas and the evidence to support those ideas. And
more important, essay writing will make the students better thinker. Writing an
essay forces them to sort out and organize their ideas and think they through
clearly.
They will learn to
identify just what their ideas are and what support exists to back them up.
Essay writing, in short, will give the students practice in the process of
clear and logical reasoning. Their ability to recognize ideas and to measure
their validity will help they make sound decisions not just in college and
career but in all phrases of their everyday life.
B.
REFERENCES :
1. Redman
Peter, 2006, Good Essay Writing,
California : Sage Publications.
2. Weston
Anthony, 2000, A Rulebook for Arguments,
Cambridge : Hackett Publishing Company.
3. Wingersky
Joy, Boerner Jan, Holguin-Diana Balogh, 1992, Writing Paragraphs and Essays, California : Wadsworth Publishing
Company.
4. Langan
John, College Writing Skills with Readings,
New york : Mc. Graw-Hill Book Company.
5. Peck
John and Coyle Martin, 2005, The Students
Guide to Writing Grammar, punctuation and spelling, New york : Palgrave
Macmillan.
[1] Peter Redman, 2006, Good Essay
Writing, California : Sage Publications, P:21
[2] Anthony Weston, 2000, A Rulebook for Arguments, Cambridge :
Hackett Publishing Company, P:64
[3] Joy Wingersky, Jan Boerner, Diana Balogh Holguin, 1992, Writing Paragraphs and Essays, California : Wadsworth Publishing Company, P:3-6
[4] John Langan, College Writing
Skills with Readings, New York : Mc. Graw-Hill Book Company,
P:7-9
[5] Ibid, P:10
[6] John Peck and Martin Coyle, 2005, The
Students Guide to Writing Grammar, Punctuation and Spelling, New York : Palgrave Macmillan, P:96
[7] Ibid, P:103
[8] Ibid, P:105
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